Abstract:
Groundwater is a frequent cause of disputes between owners and contractors in construction projects. Common ground water issues during construction is water leaks, wet basements, and mold growth. Groundwater also affects the function and design of the facility, and the cost of its construction. Soil moisture sensors measure the water content in soil. Measuring soil moisture is important for construction applications to help engineers manage their irrigation systems more efficiently. This new invention will help out the engineers or students in civil engineering course to identify the moisture of the soil. Soil moisture sensors measure or estimate the amount of water in the soil. They can be stationary or portables such as handheld probes. Soil Moisture Sensor may monitor soil water content using resistance or capacitance changes. This literature review will examine the use of appropriate sensors and materials to produce soil moisture sensors. A capacitive soil moisture sensor detects moisture by monitoring changes in capacitance.Capacitance is a measure of the amount of electrical charge that can be held across an electrical potential. A compacting process used to evaluate the optimal water content at which a soil may be compacted to get the highest density (dry unit weight). Table 2.1 shows database and previous research regarding soil moisture sensor as manual way and also using some IR gadgets too. The sensor is simple in design, limited cost, high sensitivity, large sensing area and good response time. Improved materials, mems manufacturing process, graphene quantum dots (gqds) as zero-dimensional (0d) graphene. A fringing field capacitive soil moisture sensor using the printed circuit board technology.
